do i need the cb ham radio antenna on the ground?
so i have this cb ham radio antenna and it is not on the ground, it is on the roof of my house. my house is not tall, just a normal regular house. do i need to put the antenna on the pole that is on the ground? and not on the roof? well my antenna is on the pole and its on the roof of the house. why is called ground plane antenna? and why do i need to put the antenna with the pole on the ground?
For a ground plane vertical to work correctly they need to be mounted above a conductive sheet or metal or a radial network.
This metal sheeting is called the ‘ground plane’.
If your house roof is made form metal roof sheeting , then this can be used as a ground plane surface , just in the same way it is used in a car antenna installation.
This is not however possible if you wish to raise the antenna base away from the surface of the sheeting , eg , on a pipe Mast Support above your roof.
If you want to get the antenna up on a pole you MUST replace the ground plane with radials.
Radials are wires connected to the base of the antenna and are approximately 1/4 wavelength long.
Typically they are angled slightly down for impedance matching purposes , which also makes them handy in some applications as guy wires.
Up on a pole you don’t have as bad an effect called ‘earth losses’ . this means that 4 radials may be all that is required to get the antenna to perform well. (but more the merrier)
Now if you mount your antenna at ground level the losses force you to use a considerably more amount of radials.
AM band broadcast stations use 120 radials ..!!!!!
Typically though no appreciable gain can be seen after you get past 20 – 30 or so radials.
The result of using less radials than required is poor radiation efficiency.
4 radials just wont cut it in this situation.
That all means that with a poor radials system ,. you have more wasted power , by comparison to a good radial system.
Another disadvantage of using a ground mounted antenna is signal obstruction due to buildings and trees etc.
Not only will these drop the strength of your incoming signals , but they also absorb your outgoing power, which means again , less overall effectiveness from the antenna.
Ground mounted verticals can work well ‘ONLY’ , if they are mounted in the clear and ‘ONLY’ when used against a suitable ground system.
Saying this , the fact is , most attempts of ground mounted verticals for CB fall far short of the requirements and often perform poorly.
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